Chin Torn Apart Or Mended By The Rule Of Zedong - 1452 Words

China: Torn Apart Or Mended By The Rule Of Mao Zedong There is controversy whether the rule of Mao Zedong was beneficial or destructive, though by looking into the depths of history the answer is revealed. As Mao Zedong took control over China on October 1, 1949, he immediately installed many reformations to China’s economy, culture, and government. These reformations proved to be devastating towards the people of China. After decolonization Mao Zedong’s enforcement of communism and international isolation lead China into attempting industrialization by imposing labor-intensive methods, and preventing China from technologically advancing. During the beginning of the twentieth century China had become a republic after the rule of Sun†¦show more content†¦However, Chiang’s decision to focus his military on the Communists turned out to be a poor choice because, â€Å"while the Chinese were occupied with their internal conflicts, the Japanese set up the puppet state of Manchukuo in 1932† (â€Å"China†). The invasion of Japan was devastating for China; civilians were murdered, raped, tortured, military groups were destroyed, and the government went bankrupt. The Sino-Japanese war finally ended when Tokyo surrendered to the Allies in 1945 at the end of World War II (Kenley, â€Å"Republican China†). This lead to the continuation of conflict between the Guomindang and the Communists. The war turned in favor of the communists, forcing Chiang and his followers to retreat to the island province of Taiwan (Kenley, â€Å"Republican China†). On October 1, 1949, Mao Zedong proclaimed the People’s Republic of China after taking domination over China’s mainland (Kenley, â€Å"Republican China†). Mao Zedong continued to rule China under Communist rule and started to transform the former Republican China. Due to Mao’s aspirations of industrialization and modernization, the Chinese leader drastically devastated the working class by enforcing collectivization and labor-intensive methods. In order to achieve Mao’s vision, â€Å"to forbid privately owned plots and to push all farmers into agricultural collectives† Mao,

Treatments For Bipolar II Disorder Essay - 1430 Words

Treatments for bipolar II disorder target any of the three types of factors that I mentioned last. The neurological, psychological, and social factors and the effects of any successful treatment extend to all three of these factors (Rosenberg Kosslyn, 2011). Although few studies have been done on the efficiency and safety of pharmacological treatments for bipolar II disorder the neurological factors are usually treated with a type of mood stabilizer, which is a medication that minimize s mood swings. Mood stabilizers can decrease both manic and depressive episodes for the rest of the patient’s life. Lithium carbonate is one of the first mood stabilizers used to treat bipolar disorders, and it’s actually a type of salt (Rosenberg Kosslyn, 2011). Research shows that lithium affects several different neurotransmitters, causing alterations in the inner workings of neurons. However, lithium does not effectively work for everyone, and high levels of lithium cause very se vere side effects. Such as coordination problems, vomiting, muscular weakness, blurred vision, and even ringing in the ears (Rosenberg Kosslyn, 2011). At least fifty percent of patients who are prescribed lithium carbonate cannot tolerate the side effects, or show no improvement at all. If this occurs other mood stabilizers known as antiepileptic medications may be taken, including Divalproex, carbamazepine, lamotrigine, and gabapentin (Rosenberg Kosslyn, 2011). A research study that was performed onShow MoreRelatedSymptoms And Treatment Of Bipolar Disorder II Essay1777 Words   |  8 PagesLiving with waves of happiness followed by sadness is the life that Nicki Brown lives. From my interview with her it is clear that she has Bipolar Disorder II, she has also become more aware as to why she behaves the way she does. Nicki states the importance of addressing mental issues and seeking treatment, because in the long run it could save one’s life. 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According to NIMH (National Institutes of Mental Health), this disorder affects about 2.3 million adults in the United States and about 1.2% of the population worldwide. The first signs of the disorder normally appear in adolescence and early adulthood, rarely do children get diagnosed with bipolar disorder. Bipolar disorder can also be called manic depressive disorder, is a serious mentalRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Bipolar Disorder1700 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Bipolar disorders, also known as manic depression, are mental disorders characterized by shifting moods between depression and mania (Bressert, 2016). Those with a bipolar disorder, have extreme emotional states called mood periods. In the United States, more than 10 million people have bipolar disorder (Kennedy, 2015). It is lifelong, but can be treated. Although it can easily be treated, once patients choose to stop taking their medication their symptoms worsen. Around 15 percentRead MoreAlcoholism : A Common Co Occurring Disorder1628 Words   |  7 Pageskind of alcohol use disorder and involves three or more of the following: tolerance, withdrawal, drinking more over a longer period of time, inability to cut down or stop, spending a great deal of time drinking, and giving up important social, recreational or occupational activities (Cunha, 2014). Co-occurring Disorder Bipolar disorder and alcoholism is a common co-occurring disorder. The combination of both of these diseases is dangerous. Many people with bipolar disorder use alcohol to treatRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Bipolar Disorder1289 Words   |  6 PagesAfter class discussion, it became apparent that individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) can have occupations and can interact normally with others if the disorder is kept under control or manage by psychopharmacological interventions. The lability that can be seen during the manic episodes may be puzzling or irritating to those who are not familiar with the different signs and symptoms that a person may display during this phase. In view of the unpredictability or lability that individuals with BDRead MoreBipolar Disorder Essay1615 Words   |  7 PagesBipolar disorder, also commonly referred to as manic-depressive illness, is a brain disorder that causes unusual and heightened swings in a person’s mood, energy level, and abil ity to function. The symptoms of bipolar disorder can be severe and therefore, they are quite different from the normal shifts in mood that everyone goes through on a daily basis. The effects of bipolar disorder can result in broken relationships, poor performance at work or school, self-mutilation, and even suicide. HoweverRead MoreBipolar II Disorder And Mental Disorders Essay1482 Words   |  6 PagesBipolar II Disorder Approximately 0.5-1 percent of Americans will develop bipolar II disorder in their lifetime, worldwide the prevalence is 0.4 percent (Rosenberg Kosslyn, 2011). Bipolar disorder is one of the main causes of disability, because of its cognitive and functional impairment, the high rate of medical and psychiatric comorbidity, and the relevant suicide risk (Dell Osso, et al., 2016). Bipolar II disorder is one of the two most commonly diagnosed subtypes of Bipolar disorder, which

Massey Commission Report Free Essays

This document is an excerpt from the Massey Commission Report (1951). In the year 1949, a commission was set up to encourage the awareness in arts, social sciences, humanities and letters. The members of the commission were appointed by the federal government by commonly applied to the Royal Commission on National Development in the Arts, Letters and Sciences, appointed by the federal government with Vincent Massey, the chancellor of the University of Toronto as it head. We will write a custom essay sample on Massey Commission Report or any similar topic only for you Order Now The other members of the commission included â€Å"Arthur Surveyer, a civil engineer of Montreal; Norman A.M. MacKenzie, president of the University of British Columbia; the Most Rev Georges-Henri Là ©vesque, dean of the Faculty of Social Sciences, Laval U; and Hilda Neatby, professor of history at the University of Saskatchewan† (Kallmann 2006 in The Canadian Encyclopedia). The document does offer some background understanding of the period it was produced in. The document concerns mainly the measure taken to remedy the lack of importance accorded to humanities and social studies in the curriculum, until then in the Canadian educational front. It is known from the previous chapters that the three R’s i.e. Reading Writing and Arithmetic were given the utmost importance in the schools of Canada with sciences in general, being neglected. The document explicates that the lack had been recognized even prior to the formation of the commission, in the establishment of National Research Council for scientific studies.   It seemed to have met with some success too, as indicated by the words â€Å"that the success of National Research Council in encouragement of scientific studies offered an example that should perhaps be followed†. The audience of the document was, obviously, the general public of Canada. The commission conducted research in four major cities of Canada, between the months August 1949 and July 1950. Hundreds of petitions were received and heard in these four cities, and on the basis of these briefs, experts were called in to prepare and include special studies that imparted more knowledge of the sciences. However, the Massy commission has rejected emulation of the National Research Council   Ã‚  in setting up the National Council for the Humanities and Social Sciences. The document proceeded to give the reason for rejection too, as that â€Å"the implied parallel† between the two was â€Å"misleading.† Furthermore, it held the earlier National Research Council partially responsible for the current crisis, since the scientific studies were â€Å"isolated† into a â€Å"separate body† and also because they were subjected to â€Å"too rigid techniques and methods of organization.† The purpose of the document was to encourage studies in humanities and social sciences, by establishing â€Å"flexible schemes of scholarships and grants† which will aid the Canadian people to have scientific education; and â€Å"international exchanges† especially under world bodies such as the UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization) and importantly â€Å"closer contacts with France and Great Britain†. It has to be remembered that during this period Quebec was given autonomy in cultural issues and hence was successful to a large extent in preserving the French identities and cultural awareness in its population, causing greater divide between itself and other English dominated areas of Canada. It must be said that Massey commission was largely successful in its intent and purpose, because most of the commission’s recommendations were executed by the federal government in the subsequent years, despite opposition from the French provinces. Source: Report Royal Commission on National Development in the Arts, Letters, and Sciences 1949-1951. (Ottawa: King’s Printer 1951):376-7 and Kallmann, Helmut – The Canadian Encyclopedia. â€Å"Massey Commission† In The Encyclopedia of Music in Canada. Retrieved on 28 Oct 2006. https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/massey-commission-emc How to cite Massey Commission Report, Essay examples

Green Engineering Solutions in Construction

Question: Discuss about theGreen Engineering Solutions in Construction. Answer: Introduction With the massive rise in the pollution level of the whole world, scientists have been involved in several research activities in order to find solutions for minimizing the pollution and increase the sustainability of the world ecosystem (Hoffer 2015). The stream of engineering that deals with the design and construction of eco-friendly materials and structures that benefit the ecosystem on a whole is called green engineering. Nowadays, green engineering solutions are applied in the construction industry in order to design and construct buildings with the help of eco-friendly materials. In this assignment, a literature review has been conducted in order to analyze the applicability of green engineering solutions in the construction industry. Literature Review Zuo and Zhao (2014) have conducted their researchers on the basics of green engineering and its applicability in the construction industry. They have stated in their works that the construction industry plays a very important role in the growth and sustenance of population in a country. Moreover, the construction industry provides residential buildings, office and commerce buildings, roadways, bridges and others. These buildings are extremely important for the growth of population. However, there are a lot of harmful effects of these buildings on the ecosystem. During the construction stage, there are the problems of water and material wastage, noise, dust and others (Kibert 2016). Moreover, these buildings are mainly constructed by filling up regional water bodies. Owing to this, the pond ecosystem has been destroyed in many parts of the world. Again, after the constructions are over, the buildings continue to impact the environment by contributing to the rise in the greenhouse gase s, wastage of water, dust and others. The authors have emphasized on application of green engineering in order to solve these problems as much as possible. Figure 1: Energy Savings from LEED Certified Buildings (Source: Zuo and Zhao 2014, pp. 274) They have suggested adoption of certain tools and principles that would enable the construction industry to build eco-friendly green buildings. Some of the most popular green building tools are as follows: Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED, United States) BRE Environmental Assessment Method (BREEAM, United Kingdom) Green Building Council of Australia Green Star (GBCA, Australia) Green Mark Scheme (Singapore) DGNB (Germany) Comprehensive Assessment System for Built Environment Efficiency (CASBEE, Japan) Pearl Rating System for Estidama (Abu Dhabi Urban Planning Council), Hong Kong Building Environmental Assessment Method (HK BEAM), and Green Building Index (Malaysia) Figure 2: Conventional v/s Green Building (Total Cost and Cost Per Unit Floor Area) (Source: Zuo and Zhao 2014, pp. 275) Green engineering promotes the use of construction materials that are derived or prepared from natural materials. This is because, regular buildings are constructed with materials that are made up of silicon and the oxides of silicon. Although the silicon oxides provide strength and rigidity to the building, they are major air and water pollutants (Eichholtz, Kok and Quigley 2013). Too much silicon oxide in the air causes dust allergy in the land organisms including human and in the water causes choking and other hazards to the water organisms. On the other hand, green materials do not have such effects and can easily disposed of as well. Again, according to Zuo and Zhao (2014), green buildings provide thermal comfort, cleaner environment, lesser noise, low emission of greenhouse gases, conservation of energy and other important benefits that are needed to increase sustainability of the environment. Wang, Toppinen and Juslin (2014) based their works on the construction of the green buildings and their benefits in order to analyze the applicability of green engineering in the construction industry. They mainly based their research of tools and techniques that are needed to construct green buildings. They have described about the following factors that provide positive argument for the benefits of green buildings against regular buildings. Energy Conservation The authors have said that one of the most important benefits of green building is the conservation of energy. In green buildings, natural air ventilation and underground heat conservation techniques are used for entry and exit of heat and air as per the requirements (Alias et al. 2015). This saves the power cost for air conditioning devices, ventilation fans and others. Hence, a lot of electrical energy is saved. Figure 3: Benefits of Green Buildings (Source: Wang, Toppinen and Juslin 2014, pp. 352) CO2 Control In regular building, due to the respiration of the tenants, a huge amount of the CO2 gas is emitted into the environment. Green engineering promotes the use of green trees and plants around the buildings. These plants absorb the CO2 gas and emit O2 gas in the environment. Green Construction Material The authors have conducted their research on some wooden houses that have been built recently in the UK. They have reported that wooden buildings are much more cheaper and environment-friendly than regular brick and mortar buildings. Although some may argue that wooden buildings are not strong enough and obsolete, wooden buildings have their benefits for the sustainability of the environment as well (Huang et al. 2015). Recently, researchers have found certain techniques to build wooden houses along with some other materials that provide strength and sustainability to the building. One of these techniques is wood-steel hybrid. With the development of this particular hybrid, many construction companies have been eager to build green buildings owing to the cheaper construction and easily available materials (Ye et al. 2015). Moreover, throughout the world, initiatives have been taken in order to promote the green buildings in order to reduce the world pollu tion level and protect different ecosystems that help in maintaining sustainability of the environment. Conclusion Owing to the increasing pollution in the world, the ecosystems are getting destroyed and the sustainability of the environment is getting reduced. Green engineering solutions are trying to promote the green techniques that do not harm the environment and help to preserve the ecosystems. Initially, green engineering mainly dealt with design of eco-friendly materials that do not harm the environment. Now, after the research results suggested the benefits of green buildings, the green engineering solutions find significant applicability in the construction industry. However, there are certain limitations of the green construction. Most of the research activities have been conducted on the green engineering firms and sector where the main technical claims are mostly theoretical as well as biased. Hence, the applicability of green engineering solutions in construction industry is still under research it is expected that the applicability will truly be possible in the near future. References Alias, A., Mohamed, M., Yusoff, H., Amini, M.H.M., Aziz, M.A. and Rizman, Z.I., 2015. The enhancement of heat transfer of wood (Neobalanocarpus Heimii, Shorea Sp, Instia Palembanica Miq) of bio-composite materi als for green building in Malaysia.ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences,10(1), pp.357-369. Eichholtz, P., Kok, N. and Quigley, J.M., 2013. The economics of green building.Review of Economics and Statistics,95(1), pp.50-63. Hoffer, E.R., 2015, July. Green building policy and real estate development: A causal mapping study derived from qualitative data. InProceedings of the 33rd International Conference of the System Dynamics Society, Cambridge, MA, USA(pp. 19-23). Huang, K.T., Huang, W.P., Lin, T.P. and Hwang, R.L., 2015. Implementation of green building specification credits for better thermal conditions in naturally ventilated school buildings.Building and Environment,86, pp.141-150. Kibert, C.J., 2016.Sustainable construction: green building design and delivery. John Wiley Sons. Wang, L., Toppinen, A. and Juslin, H., 2014. Use of wood in green building: a study of expert perspectives from the UK.Journal of cleaner production,65, pp.350-361. Ye, L., Cheng, Z., Wang, Q., Lin, H., Lin, C. and Liu, B., 2015. Developments of green building standards in China.Renewable Energy,73, pp.115-122. Zuo, J. and Zhao, Z.Y., 2014. Green building researchcurrent status and future agenda: A review.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,30, pp.271-281.